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Quick Tip - How to change serial number for Mac OS X VM?

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Last week I wrote an article on how to ensure unique serial numbers are generated when cloning Mac OS X VMs in vCloud Director and as part of that research, I also came across another neat trick that I learned from one of our Engineers, Regis Duchesne. It turns outs that in recent releases of ESXi and Fusion, you can now set a specific serial number for a Mac OS X VM for customers who may require this for testing purposes.

mac-osx-serial
To set a particular serial number, you simply just need to add the following setting to your VMX file (which can also be automated when working with ESXi via the vSphere API):

serialNumber = "SERIAL-NUMBER"

Although, I was not able to find the particular release of ESXi and Fusion that introduced this capability, this trick could come in handy for those of you who have this specific requirement.

Quick Tip - Cloning Mac OS X VMs with unique serial numbers in vCloud Director

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This week I learned about a really cool use case from one of our customers who is using vCloud Director to provision Mac OS X virtual machines to their end users both from a development standpoint but also for troubleshooting and demo purposes for their field and QA organizations. Instead of having to manage hardware assignment across large user base, they have built a completely self-service environment for requesting access to Mac OS X VMs, which I thought was pretty neat.

One issue that they were running into was that when they deployed a Mac OS X VM from their vCD Catalog which is a clone operation, they found that the cloned instances contained the exact same serial number as the source VM and that was giving them some problems. I had pinged a few of our engineers to see if they had any ideas and it turns out that the Mac OS X serial number is generated based off of the uuid.bios property of a VM.

mac-osx-serial
Once I found this out, I knew the exact problem because this was something I had seen before when I had worked with vCD. When deploying a vApp from a Catalog in vCD, the bios.uuid property of the VMs are all kept identical and this would explain why the serial number was the same. This behavior is documented in this VMware KB 2002506 and it also includes a solution to the problem. Once the customer made the change, they were now able to deploy new Mac OS X instances with uniquely generated serial numbers. For regular vSphere or Fusion environments, when cloning a Mac OS X VM, the serial number should always be unique as this problem is only specific to vCD. I should also note that once the serial number has been generated, changing the existing bios.uuid will not force the serial number to change.

Standalone VMRC now available for Mac OS X

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Last year, a standalone Virtual Machine Remote Console (VMRC) was released for Windows as part of vSphere 5.5 Update 2b which provides an alternative way of launching the VM console due to NPAPI deprecation. There was of course a huge request for Mac OS X support and the VMRC team has been working hard and today I am please to announce that standalone VMRC is now available for Apple Mac OS X which you can download using the following URL: www.vmware.com/go/download-vmrc

Note: Mac OS X 10.8 or greater is required to use the new Standalone VMRC. The release notes will be updated to reflect this requirement

There are currently two methods of launching a remote console to a Virtual Machine using the vSphere Web Client as seen in the screenshot below:

  1. Using HTML5 VMRC simply by clicking on the thumbnail preview
  2. Using the new Standalone VMRC by clicking on the "Launch Remote Console" link

vmrc-mac-osx-2
When using the Standalone VMRC method, instead of opening the VM console in the browser, it will launch the native VMRC application on your system whether that be Windows or Mac OS X. All basic functionalities of the Standalone VMRC is available as you would expect such as power operations, device management, etc.

Note: There is not a specific version of vSphere that is required to directly launch the Standalone VMRC. However, to launch it within the vSphere Web Client, you will need vSphere 5.5 Update 2b or greater.

vmrc-mac-osx-1
The other great thing about the Standalone VMRC is that it can function without vCenter Server and the vSphere Web Client and you can actually use it to connect to VM directly on an ESXi host. To use the VMRC without the vSphere Web Client, you will need to construct the VMRC URI which looks like the following:

vmrc://clone:[TICKET]@[HOST]:[PORT]/?moid=[VM-MOREF]

where TICKET is obtained by calling the AcquireCloneTicket() method using the SessionManager in vCenter Server. The HOST will either be the Hostname/IP Address of vCenter Server and the PORT should be default to 443 and you will need to specify the VM MoRef ID. In the case of a standalone ESXi host, you would just change the HOST property. If you do not wish to use the clone ticket, you can also just provide the following URI which will prompt for your ESXi credentials

vmrc://@[HOST]:[PORT]/?moid=[VM-MOREF]

Once you have generated the VMRC URI, you MUST launch it through a web browser as that is how it is passed directly to the Standalone VMRC application. In my opinion, this is not ideal especially for customers who wish to automatically generate this as part of a VM provisioning workflow to their end users and not having to require a browser to launch the Standalone VMRC application. If you have some feedback on this, please do leave a comment.

In the mean time, a quick workaround is to use the "open" command on Mac OS X along with the VMRC URI which will automatically load it into your default browser and launch the Standalone VMRC application for you.

open 'vmrc://clone:cst-VCT-52e44ad7-712f-9f45-a9ee-13ec6a74acaf--tp-B1-6F-91-F6-B5-8F-80-E5-FD-D6-E1-8B-10-F7-FE-15-C5-2A-75-41@192.168.1.60:443/?moid=vm-18'

UPDATE (05/31/15) - If you are connecting directly to an ESXi host you can either use the vSphere API to query for the VM MoRef ID or you can easily pull it by running the following command directly in the ESXi Shell:

vim-cmd vmsvc/getallvms

I am sure there are probably a few of you asking, what about for Linux users? Well, you can probably guess what is being worked on next 😉