Automating vSphere Global Permissions with PowerCLI

vSphere Global Permissions was first introduced in vSphere 6.0, which provides a simple and consistent method for assigning permissions for individual users and/or groups across multiple vCenter Servers joined to the same vCenter Single Sign-On (SSO) Domain. Global permissions works in the same way as traditional vSphere Permissions, but rather than assigning a permission to a specific entity, the association is applied at the root level of the vCenter Server.

The other added benefit for customers who are using vCenter's Enhanced Linked Mode (ELM), the global permission will be available to all vCenter Servers which are part of that ELM configuration. Without global permissions, a customer would have to create and assign a new permission to each and every vCenter Server and ensure that they all match which can be very error prone.

One downside to using vSphere Global Permissions today is that there is currently not a public API for those wanting to automate the creation and deletion of global permissions. However, as quick workaround, I have found a way in which you can automate the global permission management using the vSphere MOB which would allow us to use PowerCLI or any other vSphere Automation toolkit for that matter.

I have created a simple PowerShell script called GlobalPermissions.ps1 which contains two functions New-GlobalPermission and Remove-GlobalPermission which hopefully is self explanatory in what they do.

To create a new vSphere Global Permission, the function requires the following 6 parameters:

• vc_server - Hostname or IP of the vCenter Server
• vc_username - The VC username
• vc_password - The VC password
• vc_user - The vSphere User to assign the permission to
• vc_role_id - The Role ID associated with the vSphere Role within vCenter Server (more on this later)
• propagate - true or false on whether to propagate the permission

To retrieve the vc_role_id, you simply need access to a vCenter Server and run the following snippet along with the name of the vSphere Role to get its ID. In the example below, the Administrator role is called "Admin" using the vSphere API and the following will return the ID:

(Get-VIRole -Name Admin).ExtensionData.RoleId

Once you have retrieved the vSphere Role ID, here is an example of running the New-GlobalPermission function:

$vc_server = "192.168.1.51"
$vc_username = "*protected email*"
$vc_password = "VMware1!"
$vc_role_id = "-1"
$vc_user = "VGHETTO\lamw"
$propagate = "true"
New-GlobalPermission -vc_server $vc_server -vc_username $vc_username -vc_password $vc_password -vc_user $vc_user -vc_role_id $vc_role_id -propagate $propagate

If the operation was successful, you should be able to login using the vSphere Web Client and refresh the global permissions view and you should see the new permission assignment as shown in the screenshot below.

To remove a global permission, you only need to provide the vCenter Server, its credentials and the user permission you wish to remove:

Remove-GlobalPermission -vc_server $vc_server -vc_username $vc_username -vc_password $vc_password -vc_user $vc_user