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'System.Management.Automation.ConfigPropertyAccessor' exception when launching PowerCLI Core in Linux firstboot script

01.03.2017 by William Lam // Leave a Comment

Happy New Years everyone!

I just got back into the swing of things after taking some much needed time off over the holiday break. While catching up on my email, I also re-visited one of my pet projects I had been working on right before the break. I needed to launch a specific PowerCLI script upon firstboot from a Linux system, specifically PhotonOS leveraging PowerCLICore. My first few attempts had failed and in troubleshooting the issue further, I found the following cryptic error message in the system logs:

The shell cannot be started. A failure occurred during initialization:
The type initializer for 'System.Management.Automation.ConfigPropertyAccessor' threw an exception.

After a bit of Googling, I found the following Github PR which seems to indicate that the HOME environmental variable may not properly configured or readable by Powershell. The quick fix was to simply define the HOME directory within the shell script that starts up the PowerCLI script.

Below is a snippet of what I needed to add to /etc/rc.d/rc.local to automatically run my PowerCLI script:

export HOME=/root

/usr/bin/powershell -File /root/MyPowerCLI-Script.ps1

The following command was also useful in troubleshooting and verifying that my PowerCLI script had properly executed since there was no output in my script log:

journalctl --no-pager | grep rc.local

Categories // Automation, PowerCLI Tags // linux, Photon, PowerCLICore

VMware PowerCLI for Mac OS X, Linux & More? Yes, please!

09.06.2016 by William Lam // 10 Comments

powercli_for_mac_osx_linux_1There were a several announcements at last weeks VMworld US Conference, but one of the most exciting piece of news in my opinion was from Alan Renouf, Product Manager for all things API/SDK/CLI at VMware. During Alan's What's New PowerCLI session, he announced that PowerCLI is finally coming to both Mac OS X as well as Linux! As you can imagine, the news was very well received from customers and partners. In fact, after I had tweeted the update here & here, I literally had folks pinging/IM'ing/DM'ing me non-stop about when they could get access 🙂

UPDATE (10/18/16) - PowerCLI Multi-Platform (MP) for Linux and Mac OS X has now been released as a VMware Fling. Please find the download here and provide any feedback in the comments section.

This exciting update was only possible with the help of our friends over at Microsoft who had recently open sourced both .NET Core & PowerShell. Once that news broke, Alan and the PowerCLI Engineering team have been working hard on porting over the existing PowerCLI code which uses the Windows .NET library over to the new .NET Core which is now open sourced. I have been very impressed at how fast the PowerCLI team have already made available many of the default cmdlets as well as the Get View cmdlet which exposes the entire functionality of the vSphere API.

Now, before you get too excited, this new version of PowerCLI is currently not available yet. As Alan mentioned in his session, we plan to release an early Tech Preview of PowerCLI for both Mac OS X and Linux as a VMware Fling shortly after VMworld. It is also very important to note that Microsoft PowerShell for Mac OS X & Linux which PowerCLI uses is just at an Alpha release milestone. There is still much work to do on both sides but I am really looking forward to enabling our customers with the choice of platform when it comes to consuming PowerCLI.

powercli_for_mac_osx_linux_2
A few of us have been quite fortunate to have been involved in the early development of this new version of PowerCLI. In fact, we even built a simple Docker Container for PowerCLI which will allow you to easily access PowerCLI from any system that can run Docker. Here is a quick screenshot of spinning up a PowerCLI Docker Container which will also be part of the Fling release.

powercli_for_mac_osx_linux_3
Lastly, we want customers to be able to quickly and securely set up a persistent PowerCLI environment in which they can use to manage and configure their VMware-based products that support PowerCLI. With that, we have also built a PowerShell package for Photon OS which is VMware's minimal Linux container host distribution. Not only is it free to download and use, but it literally takes a few seconds to install (tdnf -y install powershell) and even less time to boot up and import the PowerCLI module. This was literally done the week before VMworld by the Photon team and huge kudos for their support! As you can see, not only do we want to provide choice for our customers but also simplifying how you might consume PowerCLI whether its natively on Windows, Mac OS X, Linux, Docker Container or running on top of VMware Photon OS. I hope you are excited as I am and stay tuned for more details on the Fling release!

If you have any feedback or what you are most excited regarding this news, please leave a comment and I will make sure it makes it way back to our Product Manager.

Categories // Apple, Automation, Docker, PowerCLI Tags // Docker, linux, Microsoft, osx, Photon, PowerCLI, PowerCLICore, powershell, vSphere

Automating silent installation of VMware Tools on Linux w/Automatic Kernel Modules

06.17.2015 by William Lam // 14 Comments

There was a recent question that was posted internally looking for a way to automate the silent installation of VMware Tools for Linux guest operating systems which also required enabling additional VMware Tools features like VMware's Automatic Kernel Modules. Currently, there are two options of installing VMware Tools for Linux guests, the first is by using VMware Tools Operating Specific Packages (OSPs) which can be found here or you can be manually install VMware Tools if an OSP does not exist or if you prefer to install interactively.

The second approach is what we will be focusing on and specifically with an emphasis on Automation 🙂 Once the VMware Tools installer is extracted, you will find a Perl script that does the actual magic called vmware-install.pl

Screen Shot 2015-06-17 at 8.13.19 AM
The VMware Tools installer supports two modes of installation:

  1. Interactive
  2. Unattended with VMware defaults

The second option sounds like what we want but the problem is that the defaults have already been pre-selected by VMware and they can not be changed as far as I know. To use this option, you would specify the following:

./vmware-install.pl -d default

Here is a complete working snippet that I shared awhile back which will completely automate the installation of VMware Tools using the "default" method and is the quickest way to install VMware Tools for Linux guestOSes:


mkdir -p /mnt/vmw-tools && mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/vmw-tools && VMW_TOOLS=$(ls /mnt/vmw-tools/ | grep .gz) && cp -f /mnt/vmw-tools/${VMW_TOOLS} /tmp/ && umount /mnt/vmw-tools && rmdir /mnt/vmw-tools && tar -zxvf /tmp/${VMW_TOOLS} -C /tmp/ && cd /tmp/vmware-tools-distrib/ && ./vmware-install.pl -d default && rm -rf vmware-tools-distrib/ && rm -f /tmp/${VMW_TOOLS} && cd ~

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gistfile1.txt

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The solution above is great if you are okay with the defaults. However, if you wish to change any of the default settings such as the location of the installation or enabling additional VMware Tools capabilities, it is definitely not ideal. Unfortunately, as mentioned earlier these are the only two supported installation mechanisms. Now, just imagine you need to roll out a custom installation of VMware Tools and having to perform the installation manually, there must be a way right?

Luckily, there is and this is actually a trick that I have used for many installers which require some user interaction. Below is an updated script of performing a silent installation of VMware Tools, but instead of using the defaults I have created an "answer" file which contains the input that you would manually enter and redirecting that into the installer. In this particular case, I have left the system defaults in terms of the paths and documentation of where VMware Tools will be installed and focus on enabling additional capabilities such as VMware automatic kernel modules.

The last four lines in the answer file (no, no, yes, no) maps to the following VMware Tools capabilities:

  • VMware Host-Guest Filesystem
  • vmblock enables dragging or copying files
  • VMware automatic kernel modules
  • Guest Authentication

You can change these based on your requirements but the current script only enables "VMware automatic kernel modules". I think a great feature enhancement to the VMware Tools installer is the ability to accept a silent configuration file, so that this use case can be better supported and more resilient in case additional options are added.


#!/bin/bash
# Create temp workign directory
mkdir -p /mnt/vmw-tools
# Mount VMware Tools ISO
mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/vmw-tools
# Retrieve the VMware Tools package name from the directory
VMW_TOOLS=$(ls /mnt/vmw-tools/ | grep .gz)
# Copy VMware Tools package to /tmp
cp -f /mnt/vmw-tools/${VMW_TOOLS} /tmp/
# Unmount the VMware Tools ISO
umount /mnt/vmw-tools
# Clean up and remove temp mount directory
rmdir /mnt/vmw-tools
# Extract VMware Tools installer to /tmp
tar -zxvf /tmp/${VMW_TOOLS} -C /tmp/
# Change into VMware Tools installer directory
cd /tmp/vmware-tools-distrib/
# Create silent answer file for VMware Tools Installer
# If you wish to change which Kernel modules get installed
# The last four entries (no,no,yes,no) map to the following:
# VMware Host-Guest Filesystem
# vmblock enables dragging or copying files
# VMware automatic kernel modules
# Guest Authentication
# and you can also change the other params as well
cat > /tmp/answer << __ANSWER__
yes
/usr/bin
/etc
/etc/init.d
/usr/sbin
/usr/lib/vmware-tools
yes
/usr/share/doc/vmware-tools
yes
yes
no
no
yes
no
__ANSWER__
# Install VMware Tools and redirecting the silent instlal file
./vmware-install.pl < /tmp/answer
# Final clean up
rm -rf vmware-tools-distrib/
rm -f /tmp/${VMW_TOOLS}
cd ~

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gistfile1.sh

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Categories // Automation, ESXi, vSphere Tags // linux, vmware tools

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William is Distinguished Platform Engineering Architect in the VMware Cloud Foundation (VCF) Division at Broadcom. His primary focus is helping customers and partners build, run and operate a modern Private Cloud using the VMware Cloud Foundation (VCF) platform.

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