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Home Labs made easier with VSAN 6.0 + USB Disks

03.04.2015 by William Lam // 23 Comments

VSAN 6.0 includes a large number of new enhancements and capabilities that I am sure many of you are excited to try out in your lab. One of the challenges with running VSAN in a home lab environment (non-Nested ESXi) is trying to find a platform that is both functional and cost effective. Some of the most popular platforms that I have seen customers use for running VSAN in their home labs are the Intel NUC and the Apple Mac Mini. Putting aside the memory constraints in these platforms, the number of internal disk slots for a disk drive is usually limited to two. This would give you just enough to meet the minimal requirement for VSAN by having at least a single SSD and MD.

If you wanted to scale up and add additional drives for either capacity purposes or testing out a new configurations, you are pretty much out of luck, right? Well, not necessary. During the development of VSAN 6.0, I came across a cool little nugget from one of the VSAN Engineers where USB-based disks could be claimed by VSAN which could be quite helpful for testing in a lab environment, especially using the hardware platforms that I mentioned earlier.

For a VSAN home lab, using cheap consumer USB-based disks which you can purchase several TB's for less than a hundred dollars or so and along with USB 3.0 connectivity is a pretty cost effective way to enhance hardware platforms like the Apple Mac Mini and Intel NUCs.

Disclaimer: This is not officially supported by VMware and should not be used in Production or evaluation of VSAN, especially when it comes to performance or expected behavior as this is now how the product works. Please use supported hardware found on the VMware VSAN HCL for official testing or evaluations.

Below are the instructions on how to enable USB-based disks to be claimable by VSAN.

Step 1 - Disable the USB Arbitrator service so that USB devices can been seen by the ESXi host by running the following two commands in the ESXi Shell:

/etc/init.d/usbarbitrator stop
chkconfig usbarbitrator off

vsan-usb-disk-1
Step 2 - Enable the following ESXi Advanced Setting (/VSAN/AllowUsbDisks) to allow USB disks to be claimed by VSAN by running the following command in the ESXi Shell:

esxcli system settings advanced set -o /VSAN/AllowUsbDisks -i 1

vsan-usb-disk-2
Step 3 - Connect your USB-based disks to your ESXi host (this can actually be done prior) and you can verify that they are seen by running the following command in the ESXi Shell:

vdq -q

vsan-usb-disk-3
Step 4 - If you are bootstrapping vCenter Server onto the VSAN Datastore, then you can create a VSAN Cluster by running "esxcli vsan cluster new" and then contribute the storage by adding the SSD device and the respective USB-based disks using the information from the previous step in the ESXi Shell:

esxcli vsan storage add -s t10.ATA_____Corsair_Force_GT________________________12136500000013420576 -d mpx.vmhba32:C0:T0:L0 -d mpx.vmhba33:C0:T0:L0 -d mpx.vmhba34:C0:T0:L0 -d mpx.vmhba40:C0:T0:L0

vsan-usb-disk-4
If we take a look a the VSAN configurations in the vSphere Web Client, we can see that we now have 4 USB-based disks contributing storage to the VSAN Disk Group. In this particular configuration, I was using my Mac Mini which has 4 x USB 3.0 devices that are connected and providing the "MD" disks and one of the internal drives that has an SSD. Ideally, you would probably want to boot ESXi from a USB device and then claim one of the internal drives along with 3 other USB devices for the most optimal configuration.

vsan-usb-disk-5
As a bonus, there is one other nugget that I discovered while testing out the USB-based disks for VSAN 6.0 which is another hidden option to support iSCSI based disks with VSAN. You will need to enable the option called /VSAN/AllowISCSIDisks using the same method as enabling USB-based disk option. This is not something I have personally tested, so YMMV but I suspect it will allow VSAN to claim an iSCSI device that has been connected to an ESXi host and allow it to contribute to a VSAN Disk Group as another way of providing additional capacity to VSAN with platforms that have restricted number of disk slots. Remember, neither of these solutions should be used beyond home labs and they are not officially supported by VMware, so do not bother trying to do anything fancy or running performance tests, you are just going to let your self down and not see the full potential of VSAN 🙂

Categories // Apple, ESXCLI, ESXi, Home Lab, Not Supported, VSAN, vSphere 6.0 Tags // AllowISCSIDisks, AllowUsbDisks, apple, esxcli, mac mini, usb, Virtual SAN, VSAN, vSphere 6.0

Ultimate automation guide to deploying VCSA 6.0 Part 3: Replicated Platform Service Controller Node

03.03.2015 by William Lam // 12 Comments

In this article, I will share alternative methods of deploying replicated Platform Services Controller Node (PSCs) using the VCSA 6.0 appliance. Take a look at the various deployment methods below and their respective instructions for more details. If you are deploying using one of the scripts below, you will need to extract the contents of the VCSA ISO. If you are deploying to Workstation/Fusion, you will need to extract the VCSA ISO and add the .ova extension to the following file VMware-VCSA-all-6.0.0-2562643->vcsa->vmware-vcsa before deploying.
platform-service-controllers
Disclaimer: Though these alternative deployment options work, they are however not officially supported by VMware. Please use at your own risk.

Deploying to an existing vCenter Server using ovftool (shell script)

I have created a shell script called deploy_vcsa6_replicated_psc_to_vc.sh which requires using ovftool 4.1 (included in the VCSA ISO) to specify the appropriate OVF "guestinfo" properties for a replicated PSC deployment. You will need to edit the script and modify several variables based on your environment.

Here is an example of executing the script:

vcsa-6.0-replicated-platform-service-controller-node-deployment

Deploying to an ESXi host using ovftool (shell script)

I have created a shell script called deploy_vcsa6_replicated_psc_to_esxi.sh which requires using ovftool 4.0 or greater to specify the appropriate OVF "guestinfo" properties for a replicated PSC deployment. You will need to edit the script and modify several variables based on your environment. The behavior of this script is similar to the one above, except you are deploying directly to an ESXi host.

Deploying to an existing vCenter Server using ovftool (PowerCLI)

I have created a PowerCLI script called Deployment-PSC-Replication.ps1 which uses ovftool and specifies the appropriate OVF "guestinfo" properties for a replicated PSC deployment. You will need to edit the script and modify several variables based on your environment.

Deploying to VMware Fusion & Workstation

To properly deploy the new VCSA 6.0, the proper OVF properties MUST be set prior to the booting of the VM. Since VMware Fusion and Workstation do not support OVF properties, you will need to manually deploy the VCSA, but not power it on. Once the deployment has finished, you will need to add the following entries to the VCSA's VMX file and replace it with your environment settings. Once you have saved your changes, you can then power on the VM and the configurations will then be read into the VM for initial setup.

guestinfo.cis.deployment.node.type = "infrastructure"
guestinfo.cis.vmdir.domain-name = "vghetto.local"
guestinfo.cis.vmdir.site-name = "vghetto"
guestinfo.cis.vmdir.password = "VMware1!"
guestinfo.cis.vmdir.first-instance = "false"
guestinfo.cis.vmdir.replication-partner-hostname = "192.168.1.50"
guestinfo.cis.appliance.net.addr.family = "ipv4"
guestinfo.cis.appliance.net.addr = "192.168.1.63"
guestinfo.cis.appliance.net.pnid = "192.168.1.63"
guestinfo.cis.appliance.net.prefix = "24"
guestinfo.cis.appliance.net.mode = "static"
guestinfo.cis.appliance.net.dns.servers = "192.1681.1"
guestinfo.cis.appliance.net.gateway = "192.168.1.1"
guestinfo.cis.appliance.root.passwd = "VMware1!"
guestinfo.cis.appliance.ssh.enabled = "true"

For more information, you can take a look at this article here.

Deploying using new supported scripted install (bonus)

As mentioned earlier, there is also a new scripted installer included inside of the VMware-VCSA ISO under /vcsa-cli-installer which supports Windows, Mac OS X and Linux, but must be connected directly to an ESXi host. There are several templates that are also included within the /vcsa-cli-installer/templates. I thought as a bonus I would also share the template I have been using to deploy replicated PSC instances using a static IP Address which some of you may find useful.

{
    "__comments":
    [
        "William Lam - www.virtuallyghetto.com",
        "Example VCSA 6.0 Replicated Platform Service Controller Node Deployment w/Static IP Address"
    ],

    "deployment":
    {
        "esx.hostname":"192.168.1.200",
        "esx.datastore":"mini-local-datastore-1",
        "esx.username":"root",
        "esx.password":"vmware123",
        "deployment.network":"VM Network",
        "deployment.option":"infrastructure",
        "appliance.name":"psc-02",
        "appliance.thin.disk.mode":true
    },

    "vcsa":
    {
        "system":
        {
            "root.password":"VMware1!",
            "ssh.enable":true,
            "ntp.servers":"0.pool.ntp.org"
        },

        "sso":
        {
            "password":"VMware1!",
            "domain-name":"vghetto.local",
            "site-name":"virtuallyGhetto",
            "first-instance":false,
            "replication-partner-hostname":"192.168.1.50"
        },

        "networking":
        {
            "ip.family":"ipv4",
            "mode":"static",
            "ip":"192.168.1.51",
            "prefix":"24",
            "gateway":"192.168.1.1",
            "dns.servers":"192.168.1.1",
            "system.name":"192.168.1.51"
        }
    }
}

The use the scripted installer, you just need to change into the appropriate OS platform directory (win32,mac or lin64) and there should be a binary called vcsa-deploy. To use this template, you just need to save the JSON to a file and then specify that as the first argument to vcsa-deploy utility.

Here is an example of deploying a PSC using the vcsa-deploy scripted installer.

vcsa-6.0-replicated-platform-service-controller-scripted-install

  • Part 0: Introduction
  • Part 1: Embedded Node
  • Part 2: Platform Services Controller Node
  • Part 3: Replicated Platform Services Controller Node
  • Part 4: vCenter Server Management Node

Categories // Automation, Fusion, OVFTool, VCSA, vSphere 6.0, Workstation Tags // fusion, ovftool, platform service controller, psc, sso, sso replication, VCSA, vcva, vSphere 6.0, workstation

New VOBs for creating vCenter Server alarms in vSphere 6.0

03.02.2015 by William Lam // Leave a Comment

Here are some new VOBs in vSphere 6.0 that I recently came across which can be useful on getting notified on specific events such failed login attempts in ESXi or detecting a device has gone offline in VSAN as some examples. These VOBs can be used to create vCenter Server alarms to take various actions such as a simple UI notification in the vSphere Web/C# Client to sending an email or SNMP trap regarding the event. For more information on how create vCenter Server alarms using VOBs, please take a look at these two articles here and here which also includes a comprehensive list of past vSphere VOBs in vSphere 5.5 which are still applicable in vSphere 6.0.

General vSphere 6.0 VOBs

VOB ID VOB Description
esx.audit.account.locked Remote access for an ESXi local user account has been locked temporarilly due to multiple failed login attempts.
esx.audit.account.loginfailures Multiple remote login failures detected for an ESXi local user account.
esx.audit.esxcli.host.restart Rebooting host through esxcli
esx.audit.lockdownmode.exceptions.changed List of lockdown exception users has been changed.
esx.problem.coredump.copyspace The free space available in default coredump copy location is insufficient to copy new coredumps.
esx.problem.coredump.extraction.failed.nospace The given partition has insufficient amount of free space to extract the coredump.
esx.problem.dhclient.lease.offered.error No expiry time on offered DHCP lease.
esx.problem.pageretire.selectedbutnotretired.high Number of host physical memory pages that have been selected for retirement but could not yet be retired is high.
esx.problem.swap.systemSwap.isPDL.cannot.remove System swap at path {1} was affected by the PDL of its datastore and was removed. System swap has been reconfigured.
esx.problem.swap.systemSwap.isPDL.removed.reconfig.failure System swap at path {1} was affected by the PDL of its datastore. It was removed but the subsequent reconfiguration failed.
esx.problem.vmfs.ats.incompatibility.detected Multi-extent ATS-only VMFS Volume unable to use ATS
esx.problem.vmfs.lockmode.inconsistency.detected Inconsistent VMFS lockmode detected.
esx.problem.vmfs.spanned.lockmode.inconsistency.detected Inconsistent VMFS lockmode detected on spanned volume.
esx.problem.vmfs.spanstate.incompatibility.detected Incompatible VMFS span state detected.
esx.vFlash.VFlashResourceCapacityExtendedEvent vFlash resource capacity is extended
vprob.vmfs.heartbeat.corruptondisk VMFS Heartbeat Corruption Detected

VSAN 6.0 VOBs

VOB ID VOB Description
esx.audit.vsan.net.vnic.added Virtual SAN virtual NIC has been added.
esx.audit.vsan.net.vnic.deleted Virtual SAN network configuration has been removed.
esx.problem.vob.vsan.dom.lsefixed Virtual SAN detected and fixed a medium error on disk.
esx.problem.vob.vsan.dom.nospaceduringresync Resync encountered no space error
esx.problem.vob.vsan.lsom.disklimit2 Failed to add disk to disk group.
esx.problem.vsan.dom.init.failed.status Virtual SAN Distributed Object Manager failed to initialize
vprob.vob.vsan.pdl.offline Virtual SAN device has gone offline.

Categories // ESXi, VSAN, vSphere 6.0 Tags // alarm, vob, VSAN, vSphere 6.0

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William is Distinguished Platform Engineering Architect in the VMware Cloud Foundation (VCF) Division at Broadcom. His primary focus is helping customers and partners build, run and operate a modern Private Cloud using the VMware Cloud Foundation (VCF) platform.

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