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How to deploy Knative to a Tanzu Kubernetes Grid (TKG) Cluster on both vSphere with Tanzu and TKG Multi-Cloud?

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This weekend I spent some time installing Knative, which is an open source framework that is built on top of Kubernetes. Knative is actually made up of two core components, serving and eventing. This quote from Ram Gopinathan, Principal Technology Architect, T-Mobile really sums up Knative quite nicely:

Knative helps our developers focus on building the business logic rather than worrying about building low-level platform capabilities such as build, deploy, autoscaling, monitoring, and observability.

There are a number of tutorials online for setting up Knative, most of which using Kubernetes in Docker (KinD) for easy local development. Since I have been spending quite a bit of time lately with both our vSphere with Tanzu and Tanzu Kubernetes Grid (TKG) Multi-Cloud solution, which both support deploying conformant and production grade Kubernetes (K8s) Clusters called a TKG Guest Cluster, I figure I might as well learn how to install Knative using these infrastructures.

The instructions below will be focus on deploying the Knative serving components. Once you have that setup, it is easy to deploy the eventing components which you can follow the official Knative documentation.

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VMware Cloud on AWS - VM Creation Date available in vSphere API

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I was recently doing some work with my VMware Cloud on AWS instance and I needed to verify something in the vSphere API. Since I already had a browser open, rather than context switch, I decided to quickly open up the vSphere MOB which is a debugging tool that provides a browser interface to the vSphere SOAP API. While going through the Virtual Machine view, I was pleasantly surprised to see a new VM config property called createDate which looks to give you the original date/time of when the VM was first created!


This is probably one of the most frequently asked question that I have seen from VI Admins around basic VM management and I am sure everyone has probably had a need to pull this type of information at least once in their career. Historically, VM creation date was not an easy thing to thing to find and success of retrieving that data was dependent on the retention of your vCenter Server Events database since that is where the information is stored. This means if you only retain 6 months worth of historical events, you will not be able to retrieve creation dates for VMs that were created prior to that.

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Quick Tip - Locating SRM Placeholder VMs using the vSphere API

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I had received a question the other day from a reader where they were trying to distinguish between the running VM and its placeholder VM due to their use of VMware Site Recovery Manager (SRM). Since the VM name is exactly the same in both vCenter Servers, it was not clear how to identify between the two. As mentioned in my reply to the reader, there are a couple of ways. You could use the SRM API in-conjunction with the vSphere API (in his case, he was using PowerCLI) to be able to check whether the VM in question was the placeholder VM or not.

Another option is to simply use the vSphere API and querying for the managedBy property which is populated when SRM and/or other solutions are associated with managing a set of VMs. In the case of SRM, you will see an extensionKey with value of "com.vmware.vcDR" and type with value of "placeholderVm" which tells you that the VM is an SRM Placeholder VM, pretty easy, right!? 🙂

Since I did not have an SRM environment handy, the next best thing was to check out VMware Hands-On-Lab environment which anyone can access for free. Lab HOL-1705-SDC-1 was exactly what I needed and here is a quick screenshot of the vSphere MOB showing you what the managedBy property looks like in the vSphere API.

To demonstrate the use of this vSphere API, I wrote a quick PowerCLI function called PlaceholderVMs.ps1 and below is an example of running the Get-PlaceholderVM command: