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Virtual NUMA (vNUMA) and CPU Hot-Add support in vSphere 8

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While looking for something in the vSphere 8.0 API Reference, I stumbled onto a new VM configuration setting in vSphere 8 called exposeVnumaOnCpuHotadd which looks quite interesting and has the following description:

Capability to expose virtual NUMA when CPU hotadd is enabled. If set to true, ESXi will consider exposing virtual NUMA to the VM when CPU hotadd is enabled. If set to false, ESXi will enforce the VM to have single virtual NUMA node when CPU hotadd is enabled. If unset, the VM continue to follow the behavior in last poweron.

This actually reminded me of question that we got during one of our vSphere 8 Meet the Experts (MTE) sessions at VMware Explore Barcelona and whether there were any new enhancements to vNUMA when CPU hot-add is enabled, which I was not aware of any at the time. The vNUMA and CPU Hot-Add issue is detailed in this blog post by no other than my buddy Frank Denneman and here is a quick summary of the issue:

CPU Hot-Add is not compatible with vNUMA, if hot-add is enabled the virtual NUMA topology is not exposed to the guest OS and this may impact application performance.

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ESXi on Intel NUC 12 Enthusiast (Serpent Canyon)

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The Intel NUC Enthusiast product line is typically geared towards content creators and gamers. These Intel NUCs, include Skull Canyon, Hades Canyon and Phantom Canyon, are all equipped with an onboard discrete GPU.


The Intel NUC 12 Enthusiast, codenamed Serpent Canyon, is the latest offering in this product line and it is also the first Intel NUC that includes both an Intel CPU and an Intel GPU, which is based on the latest Intel Arc graphics.

Within the VMware Community, both the Skull Canyon and Hades Canyon were extremely popular due to the additional graphics and storage capabilities at the time. With my recent updated findings on iGPU passthrough for recent Intel NUCs with ESXi and the combined compute and graphics solution from this latest offering from Intel, Intel NUC 12 Enthusiast can make for a pretty powerful and capable VMware setup!

Let's take a closer look at the new Intel NUC 12 Enthusiast from a VMware point of view!

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Updated findings for passthrough of Intel NUC Integrated Graphics (iGPU) with ESXi

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While searching for drivers for another Intel NUC platform, I saw that Intel had recently published new graphic drivers for Linux including support for their new Intel Arc GPUs. This of course got me curious on wondering whether this would help at all with the issues regarding passthrough of the integrated graphics (iGPU) for recent Intel NUCs? 🤔

As a refresher, starting with the 11th Gen Intel NUCs, passthrough of the iGPU on Windows had stopped working and would result in the infamous Windows Error Code 43 and even worse on the 12th Gen Intel NUCs, Windows would simply BSOD after the initial reboot. The behavior is also simliar for Linux operating systems, while it better handles the issue by not crashing the OS, iGPU passthrough is also not functional for Linux systems.

To be honest, I had low expectations these new Linux graphic drivers would behave any differently, but I decided for the sake of persistency that I would give it one more go. I had access to both an Intel NUC 12 Extreme (Dragon Canyon) and Intel NUC 12 Pro (Wall Street Canyon), both of which included recent Intel iGPUs.

🤯🤯🤯 is the only way I could describe what I had discovered after my testing!

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